Therapeutic drug monitoring of gentamicin: evaluation of five nomograms for initial dosing at Al-Amiri Hospital in Kuwait.

نویسندگان

  • Yousef Al-Lanqawi
  • Phillip Capps
  • Mohamed Abdel-hamid
  • Kefaya Abulmalek
  • Dotun Phillips
  • Kamal Matar
  • Prem Sharma
  • Anil Thusu
چکیده

OBJECTIVE To compare five published nomograms (Thomson guidelines, Mawer nomogram, rule of eights, Hull-Sarubbi table and Dettli method) for calculating the initial gentamicin dosage regimen in a Kuwaiti population. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on measured peak and trough gentamicin concentrations, the elimination rate constant and volume of distribution of gentamicin were calculated for each patient (n = 56), using a modified two-point Sawchuk-Zaske method. The calculated individual set of pharmacokinetic parameters and the initial dose regimen recommended by each of the five methods were used to predict the steady-state peak and trough of gentamicin concentrations. RESULTS The Thomson guidelines produced consistent results in predicting gentamicin concentrations within the target ranges of peak plus trough, peak only and trough only (63, 75 and 75%, respectively). The Mawer nomogram, Hull-Sarubbi table and Dettli methods achieved similar percentages of patients (46-50%) within the target ranges (5-10 mg x l(-1) for peak and 0.5-2 for trough), whereas empirical dosing and the rule of eights showed the lowest percentages of patients within the peak plus trough target range (25 and 37%, respectively). However, with respect to the underdosing target range (predicted concentration <5 mg x l(-1)), the Thomson guidelines showed that 21% of patients were underdosed. CONCLUSION The results show that a large number of patients (37-63%) were outside the target ranges in all initial gentamicin dosing methods evaluated in this study. Therefore, serum concentration measurement can be advised to assist in the optimization of gentamicin dose selection.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Predictive performance of gentamicin dosing nomograms

BACKGROUND Several nomograms have been proposed to facilitate the determination of initial gentamicin dosing regimens in clinical settings. This study aimed to assess the predictive performance of these nomograms in Korean patients. METHODS Gentamicin concentrations were determined in 84 patients with infective endocarditis (IE) and in 95 patients with other infections. All patients underwent...

متن کامل

Palpitation in pregnancy: experience in one major hospital in Kuwait

 Background: Increased heart rate is a normal physiological adaptation occurring during pregnancy. Some women have severe tachycardia requiring medical attention. Aim of this study is to determine the number of women with benign symptomatic palpitations who receive treatment. Method: We performed a retrospective chart review of all women who were referred to our obstetric-medicine clinic for ev...

متن کامل

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to: (1) derive equations for estimating gentamicin clearance (Cl gent ) and volume of distribution (V d ) based on the local population attending Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait; (2) independently evaluate these equations by comparison with other published methods in their predictive ability to estimate Cl gent and V d . Materials and Methods: Cl gent and...

متن کامل

Audit of vancomycin and gentamicin dosing and monitoring in Connolly Hospital Blanchardstown (CHB) 2014

Background The dosing of vancomycin and gentamicin relies largely on the weight and renal function of a patient. Due to their narrow therapeutic index, these drugs also require therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) during treatment to ensure efficacy, reduce potential for otoand nephrotoxicity, and reduce potential for resistance. Guidelines for the use of vancomycin and gentamicin, as well as a do...

متن کامل

Usage Pattern and Serum Level Measurement of Amikacin in the Internal Medicine Ward of the Largest Referral Hospital in the South of Iran: A Pharmacoepidemiological Study

Background: The inappropriate use of aminoglycosides has harmful effects such as the development of resistant pathogens and the incidence of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Therefore, drug utilization evaluation of these drugs may improve their usage remarkably. The aim of this study was to assess the usage pattern of amikacin in an internal medicine ward.Methods: This cross-sectional study was...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre

دوره 16 5  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2007